Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: Adenoids, also known as nasopharyngeal tonsils are lymphoid tissue situated at the junction of the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx. Adenoiditis is the inflammation of the adenoid tissue usually caused by an infection. Enlarged and infected adenoids may cause nasal (adenoiditis, rhinosinusitis), Aural (recurrent otitis and otitis media with effusion), obstructive sleep apnea and adenoid facies and have negative impact on growth of children Objective: Present study was aimed to study clinical profile of chronic adenoiditis in 5-13 years age group at a tertiary hospital for timely diagnosis and proper management. Material and Methods: This is a prospective, observational study done on 70 pediatric patients (5-13 years of age) presented at Muzaffarnagar medical college and hospital, Muzaffarnagar with complaints of snoring, mouth breathing, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, recurrent respiratory infections, decreased hearing and diagnosed as chronic adenoiditis from January 2023 till January 2024. Pre-diagnostic data were collected from patient history, otoscopy and rhinoscopy findings. Diagnostic workup included nasal endoscopy and radiograph and PTA. clinical scoring was done (DSA). Adenoid grading was performed using nasal endoscopy (Clemens et al) and X-ray grading (Cohen & Konak). Results: In present study, 70 children diagnosed as chronic adenoiditis were studied. Majority of children were from 8-10 years (50 %) followed by 5-7 years (38.57 %) and 11-13 years (11.42%) age group. Male (57.14% %) and female (42.86%). Clinical symptoms were nasal obstruction and mouth breathing (100%), snoring (97.14 %), nasal discharge (87.14 %), hearing difficulties (62.86 %), sore throat (30.00%), fullness of ear (42.86%), aprosexia (78.57%) and apnea (7.14%). Associated clinical conditions noted were tonsillitis (55.71%) and sinusitis (14.29%). On otoscopic examination, tympanic membrane was dull, lusterless, amber colored in majority of children (58.57 %) and associated with minimal hearing loss (68.57 %). Suboptimal weight for age was found in 60% children. There was not much impact on height for age (suboptimal in 12.86%).51.43% children had moderate (score 2) clinical score. Radiologically (X-ray nasopharynx lateral view), majority of children had grade 3 (45.71 %) and grade 2 (31.43%) adenoiditis. On analyzing children endoscopically, 48.57 % of cases presented with grade III, and 37.14 % presented with grade II. Conclusion: The classical presentation of chronic adenoiditis is mouth breathing, snoring, nasal obstruction and nasal discharge and children presented with suboptimal weight for age. Reaching the correct diagnosis of chronic adenoiditis at the earliest is the main key in treatment to prevent complications and sequelae related to this clinical condition.