Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Background: Histopathology is the study of tissue to diagnose the disease. Several diagnostic tests have been done to determine the disease of tissue. Thyroid gland swelling is a major thyroid disorder including thyroid cancer nowadays. To identify the histopathological characterization of thyroid swelling, this study has been carried out.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from June 2021 to June 2022. A total of 150 patients with thyroid swelling, indicated diagnosis, and subsequent thyroid surgery, were purposively enrolled in this study. Data were analyzed and presented in both qualitative and quantitative formats using SPSS version 20.0.

Results: Female dominant (73.33%) study resulted in 48.67% of patients suffering from thyroid gland swelling due to adenomatous goiter and very few amount of patients suffered from carcinoma (8.67%). 16-30 aged participants are more susceptible to thyroid gland swelling (36%). The study also resulted in a sensitivity of 100% and 98.53% specificity. The predicted values were 87.5% and the study ended with 98.67% of efficacy.

Conclusion: Histopathological diagnosis is a sensitive, specific, and accurate diagnostic test for evaluating thyroid swellings. This study ended up with a negligible amount of false positive cases again, by histopathological diagnosis, 100% of carcinoma can be determined.